The global vehicle-to-grid (V2G) market is poised to grow by USD 68.66 billion from 2024 to 2028, at a staggering CAGR of over 43.94%, according to Technavio. The surge in market size is driven primarily by advancements in electric vehicle (EV) battery technology, which facilitate bi-directional power flow between vehicles and the grid. This capability is pivotal as it supports grid stability and enhances the utilisation of renewable energy sources.
The expansion of the V2G market is closely linked to the proliferation of EV charging stations worldwide. Governments, spurred by environmental mandates, are incentivising the installation of these stations. For instance, nine megacities recently added 678 public EV charging stations, underscoring a global trend towards electrification in transportation. This infrastructure growth is crucial for V2G technology, which leverages EV batteries not only for vehicle power but also for feeding surplus energy back into the grid.
Key market players driving innovation in V2G technology include ABB Ltd., AC Propulsion Inc., ChargePoint Holdings Inc., Continental AG, Coritech Services, Edison International, Fermata LLC, Ford Motor Co., Hitachi Ltd., Honda Motor Co. Ltd., Liikennevirta Oy Ltd., Mercedes Benz Group AG, Mitsubishi Motors Corp., Nuvve Holding Corp., OVO Energy Ltd, Qualcomm Inc., Renault SAS, Tesla Inc., TransnetBW GmbH, and Wallbox N.V.
However, the market faces challenges, particularly in interoperability standards among different V2G systems. Harmonising these standards — such as IEEE 1547, SAE J1772, and IEC 61850 — is crucial to sustaining market growth and attracting further investments.
The V2G market represents a transformative shift in both the automotive and energy sectors, promising enhanced grid reliability and reduced carbon emissions. As regulatory frameworks evolve and technological advancements continue, the V2G market is expected to play an increasingly pivotal role in global efforts towards sustainable energy solutions and efficient grid management.
The Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) market involves the bi-directional transfer of electrical energy between the electricity grid and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), allowing these vehicles to serve as both consumers and producers of electricity. This innovative technology offers several advantages, including grid support services, cost savings on energy for vehicle owners, and enhanced grid reliability.
One of the primary drivers propelling the growth of the V2G market is the integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, into the electrical grid. V2G systems play a crucial role in optimising the utilisation of renewable energy by storing excess electricity from these sources in PEV batteries. This stored energy can then be discharged back to the grid during peak demand periods or when renewable energy generation is low, thus supporting grid stability.
Another emerging trend within the V2G market is the adoption of smart charging and vehicle-to-home (V2H) systems. Smart charging technologies enable PEVs to charge during off-peak hours when electricity rates are lower, benefiting both consumers and grid operators by reducing overall energy costs and peak demand pressures. V2H systems allow PEVs to power homes or businesses during power outages or peak demand periods, providing backup electricity and further enhancing grid resilience.
Looking ahead, the future of the V2G market appears promising with ongoing advancements in battery technology and the rapid increase in adoption of electric vehicles worldwide. These developments are expected to further drive the expansion of V2G systems, making them integral components of future energy networks characterised by sustainability, efficiency, and enhanced grid management capabilities.